(core articles, 500–1,500 words
TL;DR The National Guard serves both state and federal missions under a unique dual-command structure. Its roots trace back to 1636, but its modern legal structure was shaped in the 20th century. Guardsmen are part-time soldiers who train regularly and respond to both domestic and international missions. Depending on activation status, the Guard operates under…
TL;DR The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in the U.S. federal system. It interprets the Constitution and has the final say on federal legal questions. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, but mostly hears appeals. Its decisions set precedent for all lower courts. It serves as a critical check on legislative and…
TL;DR Tariffs are taxes on imported goods imposed by governments. In the U.S., they have been used historically both as a source of revenue and as a tool of protectionism. Over time, the U.S. shifted from high tariffs toward trade liberalization, with modern tariffs now deployed more selectively (e.g. trade remedies, national security). Key turning…
TL;DR Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a broad field focused on making machines smart. Generative AI is a subset of AI that creates new content. Large Language Models (LLMs) are a type of generative AI designed to process and generate human-like text. All LLMs are AI, but not all AI are LLMs. What It Is Artificial…
A DPA lets prosecutors pause a criminal case against a company if it meets strict conditions—like paying a fine, fixing compliance, and cooperating—while avoiding a conviction if it completes the terms.
TL;DR A government shutdown occurs when Congress fails to pass funding legislation (or a continuing resolution) before the start of a new fiscal year, forcing the federal government to curtail nonessential operations, furlough many employees, and maintain only core activities that protect life or property. Such shutdowns have recurred since 1980 and can impose significant…
